CHALLAMANE HUCHHA GOWDA v. M.R. TIRUMALA AND ANR. DECEMBER 8, 2003 [S. RAJENDRA BABU AND RUMA PAL, JJ.] Code of Civil Procedure, 1908; Order 21 Rules 89 & 92: Execution of decree-Sale of scheduled properties ofjudgment debtor C by Court auction-Entire decretal amount with other cost paid by Judgment Debtor to Decree holder with objections against confirmation of sale– Court directing judgment debtor to pay solatium as well to auction purchaser-Not accepted by auction purchaser who preferred an applica- tion for confirmation of side-Execution Court treating objections filed by D the jl(,dgment debtor as a petition under relevant provisions of law and set aside the sale-Reversed by the First Appellate Court-Revision petition dismissed by High Court–On appeal, Held: Rule does not provide filing of application in ci particular form for setting aside sale-Deposit of decretal amount is sufficient compliance with provisions of /aw-Hence, E execution Court rightly set aside the sale of properties. The scheduled properties of the appellant-Judgment Debtor wc!re put up for auction by the executing Court in execution of a decree in favour o( respondent No. 2, the decree holder. In the meanwhile, the F Judgment Debtor paid entire decretal amount with cost to the Decree holder, he also filed a memorandum of objection against confirmation of sale by .of properties and prayed to close the execution proceedings. The Execution Court directed the Judgment Debtor to pay solatium to auction-purchaser. However, auction purchaser did not accept the sloatium amount but preferred an application under Order 21 Rult! 92 G CPC for confirmation of sale. The Judgment Debtor, however, filed! an application to treat the memo of objection filed by him earlier as an application under Order 21 Rule 89 CPC and also filed another fresh application for setting aside the sale. The Execution Court observed that the entire decretal amount was paid by the Judgment Debtors and H sale was yet to be confirmed. Hence it set aside the sale. Auction C.H. GOWDA v. M.R. TIRUMALA
,,. purchaser preferred an appeal which was allowed by the First Appel- A late Authority. Judgment Debtor preferred a Revision Petition which was dismissed by the High Court. Hence the present appeal. Allowing the appeal, the Court
HELD : 1.1. Execution is the enforcement, by the process of the B Court of its orders and decrees. This is in furtherance of the inherent power of the Court to carry out its orders or decrees. Rule 89 of Order 21 CPC, is the only means by which a Judgment Debtor can escape from a sale that has been validity carried out. Object of the rule is to provide a last opportunity to put an end to the dispute at the instance C of Judgment Debtor before the sale is confirmed by the Court and also to save his property from dispossession. The purpose of Order 21 is to ensure carrying out of the orders and decrees of the Court. Once the Judgment Debtor carried out the order or decree of the Court, the execution proceedings will correspondingly come to an end. The Rule D does not provide that the application in a particular form shall be filed to set aside the sale. Even a memo with prayer for setting aside sale is sufficient compliance with the said Rule. Therefore, upon the satisfaction of the compliance of conditions as provided under Rule 89, it is mandatory upon Court to set aside the sale under Rule 92 and the Court shall set aside the sale after giving notice under Rule 92(2) to E all affected persons. [512-A-B-C; D-E-FJ
Raofi Baburao v. Bansilal, AIR (1919) Bombay 130; Venkatasubba Rao v. Narayana Rao, AIR (1922) Madras 83; Ram Auta v. Shea Piarey Lal, AIR (1925) Oudh 411; Pachiayae v. Vallimuthu, AIR (1925) Madras F 639; Jyotish Chandra Skidar & Ors. v. Surendra Nath Das & Anr., AIR (1939) Calcutta 153; Mahaboob Khan v. Majid Husain, AIR (1939) Allahabad 241; Asan Kutti v. Koyaman Kutti, AIR (1937) Madras 342; Kishun Lal v. Hardevi Kaur, AIR 33 (1946) Oudh 45; Dr. Parmanand Verma v. Satnarain Prasad, AIR 39 (1952) Patna 99; Hirania v. Ram G Piari, AIR 37 (1950) Allahabad 367; Maruti Shidalappa v. Shivappa Mallappa, AIR (1967) Bombay 39 and Behari Lall v. G.K. Pathak, AIR (1972) Patna 347,
1 approved. 1.2. The factum of the payment of entire decree amount to the Decree Holder with cost as not looked into by the First Appellate Court H A or by the High Court nor did it attach any value to the memo of objections for setting aside the sale. It is a settled position of' law that a mere non-mentioning or wrong mentioning of a provision in an application is not a ground to reject an application, since there is no bar in treating the objection as an application to setting aside the sale. B Setting aside of sale by the execution Court is perfectly in tune with the Code. Hence, the order of the High Court affirming order of the Fil"st Appellate Court is set aside and that of the Executing Court is restored. (513-B-C-D)
CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 9614 of c 2003. From the Judgment and Order dated 8.10.99 of the Karnataka High Court in C.R.P. No. 3842 of 1995. R.S. Hedge, Somiran Sharma and P.P. Singh for the Appellant. S.N. Bhat and D.P. Chaturvedi for the Respondents.
The Judgment of the Court was delivered by RAJENDRA BABU, J. Leave Granted. In execution of a decree the executing Court brought the prope1ties owned by the Petitioner-Judgment Debtor for sale. Proclamation was punished on 19.07 1992. On ?.6.08.1992 the scheduled properties were put up for auction. The final bid was offered by respondent No. 1 in Court on F 28.08.1992. On 25.09.1992 the Petitioner-Judgment Debtor paid the entire decretal amount together with the cost to the Respondent No.2 – Decree Holder accompanied by memorandum of objections for confirmation of sale. A memo was also filed praying to close the execution proceedings. On 30.10.1992 another Memo was filed in the Executing Court reporting G the payment of the decree amount. Then the executing Cou1t directed the Petitioner – Judgment Debtor to pay solatium to the Respondent No. l – Auction furchaser. Executing Court also noted that the Respondent No. 1 – Auction Purchaser was not ready to accept the solatium amount. In the meanwhile,· on 13.11.1992 Respondent No. l – Auetion Purchaser H filed an Interlocutory Application under Order 21, Rule 92 of CPC for C.H. GOWDA v. M.R. TlRUMALA [RAJENDRA BABU, J.]
confirmation of sale. On 24.07.1993 the Petitioner – Judgment Debtor tiled A an application to treat the earlier objection dated 25.09.1992 as an application under Order 21, Rule 89 ofCPC. However a separate application was also tiled under Order 21, Rule 89 of CPC with a prayer for condoning the delay. The execution Cou1t held that the objection tiled by the Petitioner- Judgment Debtor on 25.09.1992 could be treated as application B under Order 21, Rule 89 of CPC. Predominantly noting the fact that the Petitioner – Judgment Debtor has paid the entire decree amount and that the sale was yet to be confirmed the executing Court set aside the sale. Accordingly the execution proceeding was closed.
On Appeal preferred by the Respondent No. I – Auction Purchaser, C the First Appellate Court reversed the Order passed by the Executing Court. Aggrieved by the findings of the first Appellate Comt, the Petitioner – Judgment Debtor moved a Civil Revision Petition before the High Court. High Court found that an objection can never be treated as an application within the meaning of Order 21, Rule 89 or 90; that the later application D was filed is barred by limitation; that the section 5 of Limitation Act is not applicable in the instant case; that the deposit was not made within the prescribed date; that there is no evidence to the effect that the value of property is more than the bid I purchase price; that the question of adequacy of the sale price is irrelevant as it is outside the scope of Rule 89 of Order E 21. For these reasons the revision petition was dismissed. This Judgment is impugned before us.
The only question that requires our consideration in this case is whether the setting aside of sale by the executing Court is correct or not. F Under Order 21 Rule 89(1) ofCPC and application to set aside sale under Rule 89(1) can be filed. The said provision reads as under : R. 89, or. 21: Application to set aside sale on deposit: – (1) Where immovable property has been sold in execution of a decree, any person claiming an interest in the property sold at the time of the G sale or at the time of making the application, or acting for on in the interest if such person, may apply to have the sale set aside on his depositing in Court, –
(a) for payment to the purchase, a sum equal to five per tent H of the purchase money, and (b) for payment to the decree holder, the .amount specified in the proclamation of sale as that for the recovery which the sale ordered, less any amount which may, since the date of such proclamation of sale, have been received by the decree holder.
The follow up action to Rule 89(1) is pl·ovided under Rule 92(2) of Order 21, which reads as follows : c "(I) ….. . (2) Where such an application is made and allowed, and where, in the case of an application under rule 89, the deposit required by that rule is made within thirty days from date of sale, or in case where the amount deposited under rule 89 is found to be deficient owing to any clerical or arithmetical mistake on the part of the deposit and such deficiency has been made good within such time as may be fixed by the Court, the Court shall make an order setting aside the sale :
Provided that no order shall be made unless notice of. the application has been given to all persons affected thereby." In Raoji Baburao v. Bansilal, AIR (1919) Bombay 13, Venkatasubba Rao v. Narayana Rao, AIR (1922) Madras 83 and Ram Autar v. Shea F Piarey Lal, AIR (1925) Oudh 411, and Pachiayae v. Vallimuthu, AIR (1925) Madras 639, where judgment debtor deposited entire decretal amount, cost and compensaion in court but could not file an application to set aside sale and his contention that the deposit of money itelf could be treated as an application to set aside sale was rejected. Diametrically, opposite view has been expressed in several decisions which we may G briefly notice.
In Jyotish Chandra Skidar & Others v. Surendra Nath Das & Another, AIR ( 1939) Calcutta 153, the. Court treated Cha/Zan deposited by the Judgment Debtor under Rule 89 as an application. In Mahaboob Khan H v. Majid Husain, AIR (1939) Allahabad 241, the tender for deposit of C.H. GOWDA v. M.R. TIRUMALA [RAJENDRA BABU, J.]
money in Court itself was held to be an application for the reason that tht; A presentation of the tender form itself clearly shows the intention of the Judgment Debtor to set aside the sale. Here the Cou1t also found that Rule 89 only insist for two things, – (a). Deposit for Decree Holder and (b). Deposit for the purchaser by way of compensation. Couit clearly said that there is not third requirement of an application under Rule. Money deposit B itself was treated as an application in Asan Kutti v. Koyaman Kutti, AIR (1937) Madras 342. In Kishun Lal v. Hardevi Kaur, AIR 33 (1946) Oudh 45, the Court was of the opinion that -"the prayer that an auction sale to be set aside is implicit in the making of deposit… We do not think that the deposit in order to be valid must necessarily be made along with C application." In the view we .propose to take, we need not examine which of these two views is correct.
There is a third view taken in situations arising as in the present case. In Dr. Parmanand Verma v. Satnarain Prasad, AIR 39 (1952) Patna 99 D the Judgment Debtor deposits the decretal amount and compensation along with a petition, but with no express prayer to set aside the sale. Here the Court ruled that in such circumstances the petition as a whole has to be considered otherwise thee would be no reasonable meaning to such ~n application. So is the decision in Hirania v. Ram Piari, AIR 37 ,(1950) Allahabad 367, wherein an application to deposit money in Court itself was E treated as an application to set aside the sale. The Bombay High Court insisted upon an application made under Order 21 Rule 8(2) in Raoji Baburao v. Bansilal case (supra) but in Maruti Shidalappa v. Shivappa Mallappa, AIR (1967) Bombay 39, treated purshis along with money deposited in the Court as an application to set aside sale. Court noted that F though Order 21 Rule 89 CPC requires an application to be made for setting aside the sale, nothing is stated in the rule regarding the made of application and then held that purshis contains an implicit prayer for setting aside the sale and the absence of a formal application does not amount to non- compliance of the provision. In Behari Lall v. G.K. Pathak, AIR ( 1972) G Patna 347, the High Court ruled that " … application by Judgment Debtor whereby a prayer was made for passing the challan for deposit of requisite money, by necessary implication there was a prayer to do justice by setting aside the sale." Similar view ws taken in Pratap Kishore v. Ram Chandra, AIR (1969) Orissa 278 and in Durga Prasad Singh v. Ram Lakhan, AIR H A (1995) Allahabad 160.
Execution is the enforcement, by the process of the Court of its orders and decrees. This is in furtherance of the inherent power of the Court to carry out its orders or decrees. Order 21 of CPC deals with the elaborate B procedure pertaining to the execution of orders and decrees. Sale is one of the methods employed for execution. Rule 89 of Order 21 is the only means by which a Judgment Debtor can escape from a sale that has been validly carried out. Object of the rule is to provide a last opportunity to put an end to the dispute at the instance of Judgment Debtor before the sale is confirmed by the Court and also to save his prope11y from C dispossessing. Rule 89 postulates two conditions: they are depositing – (1 ). of sum equal to five percent of the purchase money to be paid to the purchaser, (2). of the amount specified in the proclamation of sales less any amount received by the decree holder since the date of such proclamation, in the Court. If these two conditions are satisfied the Court shall make an D order for setting aside the sale under Rule 92(2) or Order 21 of CPC. on an application made to it. In other words then there will be compliance of Court's order or decree that is sought to be executed. Because the purpose of the Order 21 is to ensure that carrying out of the orders and decrees of the Court. Once the Judgment Debtor carried out the order or decree of E the Court, the execution proceedings will co1Tespondingly come to an end. It is to be noted that the Rule does not provide that the application in a particular form shall be filed to set aside the sale. Even a memo with prayer for setting aside sale is sufficient compliance with the said rule. Therefore, upon the satisfaction of the compliance of conditions as provided under Rule 89, it is mandatory upon Court to set aside the sale under Rule 92. F And the Court shall s~t aside the sale after giving notice under Ruic 92(2) to all affected persons.
In the case on hand, it is not disputed that within the stipulated period of one month from the date of final bid in Court, the Petitioner – Judgment G Debtor paid the decree amount to the Decree Holder and also filed a memo for setting aside the sale in the form of objections. Executing Court noted this aspect. By this payment the requirement under Rule 89( 1 )(b) of Order 21 was fulfilled. It is also noted that the Respondent No. 1 – Auction Purchaser refused to accept the solatium and he subsequently filed H Application for confirmation of sale. Meanwhile the executing Court C.H. GOWDA v. M.R. TIRUMALA [RAJENDRA BABU, J.]
ordered for the deposit of solatium with the Court. This deposit complied A with the second requirement under Rule 89(1)(a) of Order 21. Admittedly, on 25.09.1992 the Petitioner – Judgment Debtor filed his objections to the sale and also paid the entire decree amount together with the cost to the Respondent No. 2 – Decree Holder. The factum of the payment of entire decree amount to the Decree Hold~r with cost Was not looked into by the B First Appellate Court or by the High Court nor did it attach any value to the memo of objections for setting aside sale. It is also a settled position of law that a mere non-mentioning or wrong mentioning of a provision in an application is not a ground to reject an application, since, there is no bar in treating the objection (filed in the present case) as an application C to setting aside the sale. Hence the setting aside of sale by the execution Court is perfectly in tune with the Code. In this view of the matter it is not necessary to look into other aspects agitated by the contesting parties not to look into the authorities cited before us. Accordingly the order of the High Court affirming that of the First Appellate Court is set aside and order of the Executing C9urt is restored.
Appeal allowed accordingly. S.K.S. Appeal allowed.