DATTARAYA S/0 KESHAV TAWALAY v. SHAIKH MAHBOOB SHAIKH ALI & ANR. October 24, 1968 [J. C. SHAH, V. RAMASWAMJ AND A. N. GROVER, JJ.] Code of Civil Procedure (Act 5 of 1908), 0.20, r. l~uit for pre- emption decreed-Court directs deposit of purchase money by a certain time-Appellate Court stays .execution of
decree-Purchase money de .. posited after the time fixed-Effect. The appellant had obtained a decree for possession of certain lands in a pre-emption suit which he had brought against the
respondents. The respondents' appeal to the District .Court was dismissed. The Dis- trict Court directed the appellant to deposit purchase money by a cer- tain date and directed the respondents on the, deposit to deliver posses- sion of the property. There was also a direction in the decree that in case the amount was not paid on the. due date the suit shall stand dis- missed with costs.
The respondents preferred a second appeal to the High Court and pending disposal of the appeal the respondents prayed for stay of the execution decree. Before the date fixed for depositing
the purchase money the High Court stayed the execution of the decree of the lower appellate court. The appellant deposited the purchase price 3 days after the date fixed stating that he could not deposit in time as he fell ill. Thereafter the High Court dismissed the second appeal, and the appellant, obtained possession of the properties. The respondents applied to the Executing Court for restitution of properties on the ground that the appellant had defaulted in depositing, the purchase money by the date fixed by the lower appellate court's decree. The appellant con- tended that the stay order made by the High Court in the second appeal prevented him from acting in accordance with the terms of the lower appeUate court's decree, and in anY case the High Court had dismissed the second appeal and the decree holder would get by necessary implica- tion a fresh starting point for depositing the purchase amount from the rlate of the High Court's decree. The Executing Court rejected the
claim of the respondents for restitution. This decision was affirmed, on appeal by the District Court. But the High Court in appeal, took the view that there was default on the part of the appellant in depositing the
amount and therefore the appellant's suit stood dis- missed automatically and the appellant was not therefore entitled to possession in enforcement of the pre·emption decree. HELD : The appeal must be allowed.
A decree in terms of 0.20 r. 14, Civil Procedure Code imposes obli- gations on both sides and they are so conditioned that performance by one is conditional on performance by the other. To put it
differently, the obligations are. reciprocal a.nd are inter-linked, so that they cannot be separated. If the defendants by obt~ini~g the sta'I'. order fro~ the High Court relieve themselves of the obligation to deliver possession of the properties the plaintiff-decree holder must also be deemed thereby to be relieved of the necessity of depositing the money so long as the stay order continues. [517 D, El
The effect of the order of the High Court dismissing. the .second appeal was to give by necessary implication a fresh starting point for c r c DATTARAYA v. MAHBOOB (Ramaswami, J.)
depositing the amount from the date of the High Court's decree and the appellant could have deposited the ·amount immediately after the High Court's decree. But the appellant had deposited the amount before the
date of the. High Court's decree and there was no default on the part of the appellant in fulfilling the terms of the pre-emption decree. [517 F-G] Satwaji, Balajiray Deshamukh v. Sakhar/al AtmGramshet,
I.L.R. Born. 175 and Site v. Ramnath I.L.R. 28 Patna 371, approved. CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : Civil Appeal No. 329 of 1966. Appeal by special leave from the judgment and order dated
October 11, 14, 1963 of the Bombay High Court in Appeal No. 30 of 1962 from the Appellate Decree. D. Narsaraju and R. V. Pillai, for the appellant. M. S. K. Sastri and M. S. Narasimhan, for respondent No. 1. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by-
Ramaswami, J. This appeal is brought, by special leave, on behalf of the plaintiff against' the judgment of the Bombay High Court dated October 11/14, 1963 in Appeal No. 30 of 1962
from the appellate order of the District Court, Osmanabad whereby the High Court reversed the judgment of the lower courts and declared that the appellant was not entitled to execute the decree for pre-emption and that the respondents were entitled to be put in possession of the properties of which they were disposses- sed in the enforcement of the pre-emption decree.
The appellant had obtained a decree for possession of certain lands in a pre-emption suit he had brought against the respon- dents. The decree was made in March, 1945 and the appellant was directed to pay the consideration of Rs. 5,000 within six months from the date of the decree on which the appellant was to be put in possession of the suit lands. In case of default in depositing the sum within the time the plaintiff's suit was to be deemed to have been dismissed.
The respondents preferred an appeal to the District Court against the decree but the District Court confirmed the decree on January 28, 1955. The amount of Rs. 5,000 was deposited in Court by the appellant on Decem- ber 20, 1954 within the time granted in the trial court's decree but it was subsequently withdrawn by him under orders of the Court. While dismissing the appeal of the respondents and con- firming the decree for pre-emption, the District Court directed the appellant to .deposit the sum of Rs. 5,000 on or before April 30, 19?5 and dJrected th~ respondents on such deposit to deliver possession of the properties.
There was also a direction in the decree that in case the amount was not paid on the due date the suit shall stand dismissed with costs. The decree was passed in conformity with 0.20, r.14 of the Civil Procedure Code.
The respondents preferred a Second Appeal to the High Court and [l969j 2 s.C.R. pending disposal of the appeal the respondents praye~ for stay of the execution decree. On March 23, 1955 the High Court
passed the stay order in the following terms : "Stay of execution of decree of the lower appellate court is granted on condition that the appellant furnishes security to the extent of the amount of costs."
The order was received by the trial court on April 19, 1955. The appellant who was directed under the terms of the lower appellate court's decree to deposit the sum of Rs. 5,000 on or before April 30, 1955 made default in depositing the amount on that date. He, however, deposited the amount on May 2, 1955. Since the deposit was not made in time according to the lower appellate court's decree an application was filed along with the deposit stating that the amount could not be paid in time as the appellant fell ill.
The Second Appeal preferred by the respon- dents to the High Court was dismissed on October 6, 1960 and the pre-emption decree in favour of the appellant was confirmed. Thereafter on February 3, 1961 the appellant filed a Darkhast for possession of the suit properties.
Since the application was within a year of the decree of the High Court a warrant for possession was issued by the Executing Court without notice to the respondents and the appellant also obtained possession of a portion of the suit properties under the aforesaid warrant. On
. February 8, 1961 the respondents filed an application in the Executing Court for restitution of the properties taken possession of by the appellant on the ground that the appellant had default- ed in depositing the purchase money on or before April 30, 1955 as required by the lower appellate court's decree and the Execu- ting Court was in error in issuing the warrant for possession of the suit properties. The application for restitution was contested by the appellant on the ground that the stay order made by the High Court in the Second Appeal prevented him from acting in accordance with the terms of the lower appellate court's decree and in any case the High Court had dismissed the Second Appeal and the decree-holder would get by necessary implication a fresh starting point for depositing the purchase amount from the date of the High Court's decree.
The Executing Court rejected the olaim of the respondents for restitution and allowed the execution case of the appellant to proceed. Against this order of the Exe- cuting Court the respondents went up in appeal to the District Court which dismissed the appeal and confirmed the order of the Executing Court. The respondents thereafter took the matter in Second Appeal to the Bombay High Court which· differed from the view of the District Court and allowed the appeal. The High Court took the view that there was default on the part of the appellant in depositing the amount and ther_efore the appellant's c
' f ,..,If – . • c DATTARAYA v. MAHBOOB (Ramaswami, !.) suit stood dismissed automatically and the appellant was not therefore entitled to possession in enforcement of the pre-emption decree.
The first question arising in this appeal is whether the High Court was right in taking the view that the effect of the stay order dated March 23, 1955 was merely to stay the delivery of possession by the judgment-debtors and not a stay with regard to the deposit of purchase price by the decree-holder. In our opi- nion, the High Court was in error in taking this view. The d~cree framed under 0. 20, r.14, Civil Procedure Code requires recipro- cal rights and obligations between the parties.
The rule says that on payment into court of the purchase money the defendant shall deliver possession of the property to the plaintiff. The decree holder therefore deposits the purchase money with the expectation that in return the possession of the property would be delivered to him. It is therefore clear that a decree in terms of 0.20, r.14; Civil Procedure Code imposes obligations on both. sides and they are so conditioned that performance by one is conditional on performance by the other. To put it differently, the obligations are reciprocal and are inter-linked, so that they cannot be sepa- rated. If the defendants by obtaining the stay order from the High Court relieve themselves of the obligation to deliver posses- sion of the properties the plaintiff-decree holder must also be deemed thereby to be relieved of the necessity of depositing the money so long as the stay order continues. We are accordingly of the opinion that the order of stay dated March 23, 1955 must be construed as an order staying the whole procedure of sale including delivery of possession as well as payment of price. The effect of tlie stay order therefore in the present case is to enlarge the time for payment till the decision of the appeal.
We are further of the opinion that the effect of tlie order of the High Court. dated October 6, 1960 dismissing the Second Appeal w~~ to give by necessary implication a fresh starting point for depos1tmg tlie amount from the date of the High Court's decree.
The decree of the High Court was dated October 6 1960 and the appellant could have deposited the amount im: mediately after this date. But the appellant has deposited the amount on May 2, 1955, long before the date of the High
Court's decree and there is no default on the part of the appellant in fulfilling the terms of the pre-emption decree. In the present case, when the High Court dealt with the Second Appeal filed by the respondents, the time limited by the trial court for making the deposit had expired.
It was open to the respondents to press this point in the Second Appeal and for the High Court to dec!d~ that, the time havi~g expired, it was not open to the plamtiff to make the deposit and there was nothing before the High Court for decision. It was equally open to the High Court to dismiss the appeal and expressly extend the time for making the deposit. When the High Court refrained from following the first course and confirmed the trial court's decree, what was its intention ?
Surely it wanted to give the plaintiff an effective decree in his favour. if so, we are justified in holding that the High Court intended to exercise its power of extending the time for making the deposit, and incorporated in its decree the rele- vant provisions of the trial court's decree. That is to say, this is a case in which we must hold that a fresh starting point is implied in the decree of the High Court in the Second Appeal. The view that we have expressed is borne out by the decision of the Bombay High Court in Satwaji Balajiray Deshamukh v.
Sakharlal Atma- ramsliet ('). In that case, the plabntiff brought a suit to recover possession of property as purchaser from defendants 1 to 6 and to redeem the mortgage of defendant 7. The first court having dismissed the suit, the appellate court, on plaintiff's appeal, pass- ed a decree directing the plaintiff to recover possession on pay- ment to defendants 1 to 6 of a certain sum within six months from the date of its decree and then to redeem defendant 7, and on the plaintiff's failure to pay within six months from the date of the decree he should forfeit his right to recover possession .• All parties being dissatisfied with the decree, the plaintiff prefer- red a second appeal to the High Court and the two sets of defen- dants filed separate sets of cross objections.
The High Court confirmed the decree and the plaintiff's second appeal and the defendants' cross objections were dismissed. Within six months from the date of the High Court's decree the plaintiff deposited ill court the amount payable by him and applied for execution. Defendant 7 contended that the plaintiff not having complied with the terms of the decree of the first appellate court, his right to recover possession in execution was forfeited.
The lower courts upheld the defendant's contention and dismissed the dark- hast. On second appeal by the plaintiff, the High Court rever- sed the decree of the lower court and held that the time for exe- cuting a decree nisi for possession ran from the date of the High Court's decree confirming the decree of the lower court, for what was to be looked at and interpreted was the decree of-the final appellalte court. There is also a decision to the similar effect in Sita v. Ramnath (2). For the reasons already given we hold that the decree of the High Court in Second Appeal should be construed in the present case as affording by implication a fresh starting point to the plaintiff for making payment to the Court. For the reasons expressed we hold that this appeal should be allowed, the judgment of the Bombay High Court dated October I) I.L.R. 39,Bom.175.
(2) I.L.R. 28 Patna 371. c I …. ,,_ f …. "\ DATTARAYA v. MAHBOOB (Ramaswami, J.) 11/ 14, 1963 should be set aside and the application of the first defendant made on February 8, 1961 for restitution under s. 144 of the Civil Procedure Code should be dismissed. In the circum- stances of this. case we do not propose to make ainy order as to costs of this appeal.
iB Y.P. Appeal allowed.