SUMITRA DEVI v. SHRI SHEO SHANKER PRASAD YADAV & ORS. November 9, 1972 [A. N. GROVER, K. K. MATHEW AND A. K. MU!CHERJEA, JJ.J Election Petition-Appeal-This Court will not interfere with finding o; fact by High Court unless there Is grave or pulpable error-Principles for allowing inspection of ballot papers.
The appellant challenges! the election of Respondent No. 1 to the Parliament at the 1971 General Election oo the ground that there were irregularities in the counting of votes. She asked
for inspection of the ballot papers. The High Court disallowed the appltcation for inspection and dismissed the election petition. Jn appeal under s. 116-A oi the Representation of the People Act 1951, the appellant submitted (i) that the evidence of the witnesses examined by her proved the several illegalities committed in the counting of the ballot papers and (ii) that, in any event, the appellant's application for inspection should have been allowed.
HELD : (i) The High Court had taken into consideration all the material circumstances and had appreciated the evidenc,e from the correct perspective. It has been the consistent practice of this Court not to
mteriere with findings on questions of fact unless there is some grave or palpable error in the appreciation of the evidence on the basis of which the findings were arrived at. [922 E]
Dr. Jagjit Singh v. Giani Kartar Singh and Others, A.LR. 1966 S.C. 773. referred to. (ii) The High Court was justified in rejecting the application for inspection. The allegations in the election petition w"re vague and the petition did not contain an adequate statement of the matrial facts. The
evidence adduced by the appellant to prove the nllegations was found unreliable. No definite particulars were also given in the application for inspection as to the illegalities alleged to have been committed in
the counting of the ballot papers. A recount will not be granted as a matter of right but only on the basis of evidence of good grounds for believing that there has been a mistake· in the counting. It has to be decided in each case whether a prima facie ground has been made out for ordering an inspection. [923 HJ
Ram Sewak Yadav v. Bussrun Kami/ Kidwai and Others, [1964) 6 S.C.R. 238, 244, Dr. Jagjit Singh v. Giant Kartar Sing~ and Others, A.LR. [19661 S.C. 773, 783 and Jllendra Bahadur Singh v. Krishna Bebari and Othtrs .. [1970] 1 S.C.R. 8S2, applied.
Bhim Stn v. Gosa/I, [1960) 22 Election Law Reports, 288. CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION : C.A. No. 1015 of 1972. Appeal under s. 116-A of the R.P. Act 1951, from the judg- tnent and order dated March 8, 1972 of the Patna High Court in Election Petition No. 2 of 1971.
D. V. Patel and U. P. Singh for the appellant, J. P. ·Goyal, S)!Qma Prasad Mukherjee and R. A. Gupta, for respondent No. 1. The Judgment of the Court was delivered by MATHEW, J. This is an appeal under s. 116-A. of the Represen-· fation of the People Act, 1951, from a judgment of the High c
SUMITRA DEVI v. s. s. PRASAD (Mathew, J.) Court of Patna, by which the High Court dismissed the petition oi the appellant for setting aside the election of Respondent No. 1 as a Member of Parliament from
31-Khagaria Parliamentary Constituency, in the election held in March, 1971, and to declare the appellant as the duly elected member from the aforesaid constituency. According to the elec~ion programme, the nominations were to be filed from January 27, 1971 to February 3, 1971; they were to be scrutinized on February 4, 1971 ; poll; if necessary was to be taken on March 5, 1971; the ballot papers were to be counted on March 10, 1971 and the result of the election was to be dec· lared on March 11, 1971. It was in pursuance to this programme that the appella11t ·and Respondent No. I., along ·with 10 other candidates, filed their nomination papers. Two of the candidates subsequently withdrew and the contest was among the remaining candidates. The poll was held on March 5, 1971. The counting of the ballot papers took place on March
I 0, 1971. The res- pcndent No. 1 obtained 73,594 votes and the appellant, 73,046. So, Respondent No. I was declared elected by the Returning Officer. The appellant challenged the election of respondent No. 1 in her petition on the following allegations : There was no proper lighting arrangement in the segments where the votes were counted and there were frequent failures of electricity. Taking advantage of this, the counting staff showed partiality to respondent No. 1 by counting the votes cast in favour of th~ other candidates for respondent No. I. Several undesirable persons who had been working for respondent No. 1 managed to enter the counting compartments and created confusion. They also manoeuvred the counting staff and thereby illegally managed to increase the num- ber of votes in favour of' respondent No. I. Several ballot papers which had clear seal on the symbol of the appellant were illegally rejected. The counting staff took out several ballot papers of the appellant and mixed them with doubtful ballot papers and, with· out paying any heed to the objections raised. by the counting ag.ent~ of the appell~nt. rejected them mechanically by putting the re1~ct10n seal on their back: A large number of ballot papers which should have been rejected were counted in favour of res- pondent No. I. Ballot papers having seal on more than one
symbol or seal on the shaded area or seal on the back or having n? ;eal or h~ving no official seal on the symbol of respondent No. I were illegally counted in favour of respondent No. I. A ~urge number of ballot papers bearing no signature of the Presid- ing Officer or identifying mark on the back were counted in ~avour of responde~t No. I merely because they had been placed m the ballot boxes 11legally by those controlling the po'ling booths. (1973] 2 S.C.R.
Sz•1era1 bundles having less than 50 ballot papers were counted in favour of rc>pondent No. l as having 50 ballot papers. As a result of the:ie irregularities in the counting of the ballot papers, about 3,000 ballot papers which should have been rejected were countd in favour of responJent No. 1 and 1,000 ballot papers which should have been counted in favour of the appellant were illegally rejected and this materially affected the result of the elec- tion.
To substantiate these allegations, the appellant examined as many as 23 witnesses including herself. After the evidence was closed, the appellant had put in a petition for inspection of the ballot papers. The High Court rejected the petition for the reason that the appell:mt had not pleaded the material facts in the peti- tion to set aside the election.
The High Court, after a careful consideration of the evidence of the witnesses found, that the allegations in the election peti- tions were vague and that evidence addu~d to prove them was unreliable, and so, dismissed the petition.
The appellant submitted before us that the evidence of the witnesses examined by her would prove the several illegalities alleged to have been committed in the counting of the ballot paper.s and that. in any event, the appellant's application for ins- pection should have been allowed.
We are satistied that the High Court has taken into considera- tion all the material circumstances and has appreciated the evi- dence from the corract perspective. It has been the consistent
pr"ctice of this Court not to interfere with findings on questions of fact unleis there is some grave or palpable error in the appreciation of the evidence on the basis of which the findings
were arrived at [see Dr. Japjit Singh v. Giani Kart01· Singh and Others(')]. We ,.!so think that there is no substance in the contention of the appellant that the High Court was in error in rejecting her application for inspection of the ballot papers. As already stated, the High Court rejected the application for the
reason that the allegations in the election petition were vague and that the petition did not contain an adequate statement of the inaterial facts. In Ram Sewak Yadav v. Hussain Kami/ Kidwai and others('). ·this Coui t said that ar order for inspection would not be granted as a ri1~tter of course : that having rPgard to the insistence upon the secrecy of the ballot papers, the Court would h~ justified in grant- ing ~n order for inspection only where tl.e petition for setting aside an election contains an adequate statement of the material facts on which the petitioner relies in support of his case and it is (1) A.l.R. 1966 S.C. 773.
(2) [1964] 6 S.C.R. 238, 244. c t • '-:if' ,f .A SUMITRA DEVI v. s. s. PRASAD (Mathew, J.) 92 3 necessary to decide the dispute and to do complete justice between the parties. The Court also said that an order· for inspection of ballot papers would not be granted to support vague pleas made in the, petition not supported by material facts or t~ fish out evi- dence to support such plea>. The Court emphasized that mere allegations that the petitioner suspects or believes that there has been an improper reception, refusal or rejection of votes will not be sufficient to support an order for inspection.
In Dr. Jagjit Singh v. Giani Kartar Singh and Others(') this Court again said that an election petition should contain a concise statement of the material facts on which the petitioner relies, that vague or general allegations that valid votes were improperly rejected or invalid votes were improperly accepted, would not serve the purpose and that an application made for the inspection of ballot boxes must give material facts which would enable the tribunal to consider whether. in the interests of justice, the ballot boxes should· be ins- pected or not. The Court further said that in dealing with this question, the importance of the secrecy of the ballot papers can- not be ignored and that, it has always to be borne in mind that the statutory rules framed under the Act are intended to provide ade- quate safeguard for the examination of the validity or invalidity of vote> and for their proper counting. The Court emphasized that in some· cases, the ends of justiee would make it necessary for the tribunal or Court to allow a party to inspect the ballot boxes and consider his objection about the improper acceptance or improper rejection of votes tendered by voters at any given election; but in considering the requirements of justice, care must be taken to see that election petitioners do not get a chance to make a roving or fishing enquiry into the ballot boxes so as to justify their claim that the returned candidate's election is void .
. In Jitendra Bahadur Singh v. Krishna Behari and Others('), this Court observed that in view of the importance of maintaining the secrecy of the ballot papers, scrutiny can only be ordered if the election-petition contains an adequate statement of the mate- ri.al facts on which the petitioner relies~ that is, the material facts disclosed. mus~ afford an adequate basis for the allegations; and, the election tnbunal must be prima facie satisfied that in order to ~ecide .the dispute and to do complete justice between the parties, mspec!ion of the ballot papers is necessary.
In the case at ban~'. the ~llegations in the election petition were vague and the petition did not contain an adequate statement of the material f~cts. The evidence adduced by the appellant to prove the allegatI~ns "".as found unreliable. No definite parti- ~ulars. ~ere also given m the application for inspectior as to the 1lleg? httes alleged to have been committed in the counting of the fl) A.I.R. [1966] S.C. 773, 783.
(2) [1970] l S.C.R. 852. ballot papers. A recount will not be granted as a matter of right but only on the basis of evidence of good grounds for believing that there has been a mistake in the counting. It has to be decided ·in each case whether a prima facie ground has been made out for ordering an inspection.
Counsel for the appellant relied on Bhim Sen v. Gomali(') and contended that an inspection of the ballot papers should be granted even if no prima facie case has been made out by the alle- gations in the election petition. That case was considered by this Court in Ram Sewak Yadav v. Hussain Kamil Kidwai and ors.( 2 ) and the Court was of the view that unless an election petition con- tains an adequate statement of the material facts, an election tri- bunal would not be justified in ordering an inspection of the ballot papers. As the appellant did not make out a case for inspection, the High Court was justified in dismissing the application. In these circumstances, we do not think that there is any substance in the prayer of the appellant for a recount of the votes.
We dismiss the appeal with costs. G.C. (I) [19601 22 Election Law Reports, 288. (2) [1964] 6 S.C.R. 238, 244. Appeal dismissed. t '"'~ "' " c: ,…:·: ]) "